Electromagnetic Model of Atmospheric Lightning

Abstract

The TE, TM and TEM modes are explored for dielectric atmosphere with electric primitivity εo, bounded by two PEC shells that are Earth and ionosphere. The TE and TM modes of this Earth ionosphere spherical cavity are investigated using expanded form of Maxwell’s equations and scalar electromagnetic potentials. The excitation of the TM, TE and TEM modes by a point current source ⃗Joδ(⃗r−⃗r ′ ) are also explored using homogenous Green Functions in spherical coordinates system. The approximate equation is obtained for resonant model frequencies valid in both cases of the cavity by solving a transcendental equation. The electric and magnetic energy density are graphically presented for some of the resonant modes.