Mathematical Observation for Peristaltic flows of Nanofluid in an Endoscope

Abstract

áuid to áow is termed as peristaltic pumping. This is an eminent mechanism in physiology of áuid áows. Peristaltic phenomena is quite signiÖcant in engineering and applied mathematics as well, because of its huge involvement in real life it has gained limelight among many researchers. It is tracked back to 1966 when Latham [1] did the inaugural work in this direction and studied peristaltic pumping. Afterwards number of researchers are inspired by the topic and they analyzed peristaltic phenomena of di§erent situations [26]. It has many applications in biological Öeld when there is no direct contact of transmitting matter with any other part except the inner surface of walls, which makes it very e§ective for transmitting the áuid to short distance without infecting it . Some medical examples are passage of food through esophagus, movement of ovum in the fallopian tube, transport of urine from kidney to bladder, movement of spermatozoa in the ductus e§erents of reproductive tract, blood vessels vasomotion, chyme movement in intestines and many more. Numerous advanced mechanical applications are invented on the pumping principle of peristalsis for the transportation of áuid in the absence of internal operational components. Such devices include peristaltic transport of treacherous áuid in nuclear reactors, heart lung machine, Önger and roller pumps, cell separation etc. A variety of hose pumps also follow the working essence of peristalsis