Flow and Heat Transport of Maxwell Fluid Induced by Stretching and Rotating Surfaces

Abstract

The viscoelasticity of rate type non-Newtonian fluids exhibits two major phenomena, due to viscous and elastic components, which are termed as creep and relaxation phenomena. The researchers have developed the Kelvin-Voigt and Maxwell empirical models for the viscoelastic fluids. These two models successfully predict the creep and relaxation phenomena. Most of fluids in nature are viscoelastic types e.g., polymers, paints, and some biological fluids. The flow of viscoelastic non-linear fluids with heat and mass transport is of great important in many areas of engineering applications such as plastic coating and polymer sheet production etc. The heat transfer rate greatly affects the quality of these products. Thus, the study of rheological features of viscoelastic fluids with thermal and solutal energy transport mechanisms is a foremost interest of the current era of research. Several studies have been devoted in analyzing the flow and energy transport phenomena of Maxwell fluid engender by stretching and rotating surfaces. The present thesis is structured from this point of view. Both flow and energy transport phenomena over various stretching and rotating surfaces, which include stretching and rotating sheet, disk as well as cylinder are modeled in the form of highly non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs). The diverse physical effects which can considerably affect the flow and heat transport mechanisms are contemplated. Convective transport of thermal and solutal energy is studied in both modes, forced and free convective. Analytical and numerical computations are carried out to similar equations for the flow and heat transfer. The well-known homotopy analysis method (HAM) and bvp4c built-in MATLAB function are utilized for construction of solutions. The outcomes for the flow and energy transport controlling parameters are explored through the tabular and graphical abstracts. It is interesting to observed that an increment in the stress relaxation phenomenon of viscoelastic Maxwell fluid ii declines the flow velocity however enhances significantly both the thermal and solutal energy transport from surface to free stream. The thermal and mass relaxation times in higher trend, which are the features of Cattaneo-Christov theory, decrease the energy transport in fluid flow over both stretching and rotating geometries. The rate of thermal energy transport in Maxwell fluid boosts up in case of constant wall temperature as compared to prescribed surface temperature. On the other hand, in swirling flow induced by rotating cylinder the higher value of Reynolds number declines the velocity field and fluid motion confined to the surface of cylinder together with temperature and concentration distributions are also reduced. The present results are also verified by making comparison with the results available in the literature