Analysis of Entropy Generation in Radiative Flow of Sisko Nanomaterial with Activation Energy

Abstract

Flow of non-Newtonian fluids over stretchable sheet with heat and mass transfer is an interesting area of research. It has many applications related to drawing of wires, manufacturing of paper, polymer sheets and petroleum production. Non -Newtonian fluids are also involved in different procedures like formation of ketchup and toothpaste, polymer and certain oils. Sisko [1] fluid model has aspects of both sheer thinning and sheer thickening. It contains both viscous and power law models. Sisko [2] discussed capillary viscometer flow for non-Newtonian fluids. Hayat et al. [3] explored Cattaneo-Christov heat flux in Jeffrey fluid flow. Malik and Khan [4] considered homogeneous-heterogeneous reaction in Sisko fluid. Bhatti et al. [5] studied entropy generation for MHD non-Newtonian nanofluid over a porous sheet. Qayyum et al. [6] scrutinized about tangent hyperbolic nanofluid with Dufour effects. Other studies for Sisko fluid can be investigated through references [7-10]. The process of entropy generation occurs in almost all kinds of heat transfer processes and thus as loss of energy. Efficiency of all kinds of thermal systems can be enhanced by reducing entropy generation process. Many thermal equipments are designed and analyzed by this approach. Entropy is originated by different sources like fluid friction, magnetic field effects, heat and mass transfer along a temperature gradient. In real world processes, irreversibility cannot be completely avoided but it can be reduced to save the available energy. Irreversibility in any thermal system and optimum conditions for any process can be identified by entropy generation analysis. Khan et al. [11] analyzed entropy in the presence of MHD radiative flow of nanomaterial. Bejan [12] studied entropy generation with transfer of heat. Rashidi et al. [13] addressed entropy generation for flow due to rotating disk. Khan et al. [14] discussed entropy generation in nanofluid flow by thin moving needle. Armaghani et al. [15] examined water-alumina nanofluid and entropy generation. Hayat et al. [16] discussed thermodynamics of entropy generation minimization. Other important researches regarding entropy generation can be studied through refs. [17-21]