Art and Architecture of Guru Bazaar Temple: A Case Study of Hindu Temple in District Mianwali

Abstract

This thesis explores the art and architecture of Guru Bazar Temple in Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. Mianwali is one of the oldest human inhabitation; this region is not just famous for Sufism but also famous for its historical and religious heritage. It has historically been a center of an amalgam of the various religious traditions chief among them Buddhist, Hindu, Sikh and Islamic. In this city, different ancient remains are present which shows the religious worshiping sites. Islam penetrated into this region from the 13th century onward, the centuries preceding the arrival of Islam were dominated mostly by the Hindus and the Buddhist tradition-with regard to the development of the Hindu faith in Mianwali, the period from 8th to 10th century AD is particularly significant, during this phase in history, under the various dynasties, the Hindu civilization reached at its peak. Relics of the glory of this era can be seen at its ancient sites of worship at Mari Indus, Rokhri site and Guru Bazaar temples etc. The study aims to analyze the historical and cultural significance of the Guru Bazar temple's design, construction, and decoration. Guru Bazaar temple has its own unique formulation; some features from the Hindu temples from this era are common to all. This includes the raised platform called the Jagati, a sanctum hall called the garbhagriha, and a pyramidal roof is called the sikhara. The architectural design and other features of the Guru Bazaar temple seem to suggest that probably it is built in the British time. To achieve this, a qualitative research methodology was employed which included an in-depth analysis of primary and secondary sources, on-site observations, and interviews from the locals and other experts in the field. The findings of the study reveal the temple's unique style and design, which is a fusion of traditional Indian and Islamic architecture. The intricate carvings, sculptures, and vibrant colors that adorn the temple's walls and ceilings reflect the rich cultural heritage of the region. The study concludes that Guru Bazar Temple is not only a religious landmark but also an important cultural and historical monument that should be preserved and celebrated.