TITLE OF THESIS: RISING POLARIZATION IN THE UNITED STATES: IMPLICATIONS ON AMERICA’S ROLE IN UNITED NATIONS

Abstract

This dissertation examines the profound impact of rising polarization within the United States on its involvement in international organizations, with a particular focus on the United Nations. The study begins by acknowledging the historical significance of US engagement in international organizations for global stability and prosperity. However, it argues that the polarization within the US political system often overshadows its commitment to international organizations, hindering its ability to reach consensus on foreign policy matters. It further explores the relationship between domestic polarization and US engagement in the UN, highlighting how the nation's moral compass is influenced by its polarizing politics, which weakens its ability to effectively participate in UN decision-making and problem-solving measures. By examining the historical context of the bipolar world during the Cold War era, the thesis explores the transition to a unipolar world order and the increasing importance of multilateral institutions, such as the UN, in maintaining global stability. It identifies the significant role the US plays as a unipolar superpower within the UN, while also highlighting the challenges and resistance it faces in relinquishing autonomy to external institutions. The study also delves into the interplay between American politics, international organizations, and treaties, with a particular focus on the UN and its treaties. It highlights how partisan politics have influenced US decision making within international organizations, resulting in disagreements and nullification of international efforts. The thesis further explores the detrimental effects of polarization on bipartisan consensus in international affairs, ultimately undermining the grand strategy of liberal institutionalism. Moreover, the thesis conducts a comparative analysis of the presidencies of Barack Obama and Donald Trump. It examines their differing approaches to international politics, their impacts on polarization within the United States, and the consequences for US engagement in international organizations, including the UN. The thesis underscores the significance of rising polarization within the United States and its far-reaching implications for the nation's involvement in international organizations, particularly the United Nations. By examining the historical context, exploring the role of partisan politics, and conducting a comparative analysis of presidential administrations, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between domestic polarization and America's role in international organizations.