Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Evaluation of their Biological Potential

Abstract

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is gaining popularity since it is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and has the potential for large-scale manufacturing. Numerous studies have shown that metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles produced biologically are environmentally safer than those produced using conventional chemical or physical methods. This study compared eco-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles to traditional chemotherapy to evaluate their biological potential. In order to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles, Senna Alexandrina plant extract was used. XRD showed generic properties of ZnO NPs, rendering them suitable for drug delivery. Various in-vitro and in-vivo experiments were performed in order to evaluate the biological potential of ZnO NPs in comparison with a well-known chemotherapy medication doxorubicin. Total antioxidant capacity assay, total reducing power assay, and free radical scavenging DPPH assay were performed to assess the antioxidant characteristics of ZnO NPs. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity experiment was carried out to examine the cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs. In order to investigate anticoagulant, analgesic, and antidepressant effects, Sprague Dawley rats were used. The results showed, ZnO NPs have an outstanding antioxidant and reduction potential in addition to their free radical scavenging potential. When compared to control, in-vivo testing revealed excellent anti-depressant, anticoagulant, and analgesic potential. As a result, we came to the conclusion that ZnO NPs produced using the green method demonstrate remarkable biological potential and can be employed in various biomedical applications. Their anti-oxidant properties also make them a potential candidate for the treatment of cancer. Key words: Doxorubicin, Green synthesis, Nanoparticles, Senna Alexandrina, Zinc Oxid