Elucidating the Nephroprotective Effect of Jasminum humile in Alloxan and Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

In the growing trend towards natural and holistic healthcare, plant-based medicines have gained prominence for their historical significance. To explore alternatives to traditional pharmaceutical approaches, the potential therapeutic herb Jasminum humile was studied through in vitro and in vivo assessments. These investigations aimed to ascertain its antioxidative, antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects against diabetic kidney damage induced by alloxan and streptozotocin. Phytochemical screening of J. humile ethanol extract and subsequent fractions unveiled varying phytochemical composition. Prior to in vivo investigation, fractions underwent antioxidant and antidiabetic in vitro assays: Nitric oxide scavenging, DPPH radical foraging, Lipid peroxidation, and Alpha-amylase inhibition. Results exhibited strong correlation with IC50 values, highlighting ethanol, butanol, and aqueous fractions for potent antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. The in vivo investigations through biochemical, molecular, and histological means demonstrated potent antioxidative and antidiabetic effects of J. humile's ethanol extract against alloxan and STZ-induced diabetes in rats. The JHE outperformed alloxan-induced diabetes due to distinct mechanisms countering ROS mediated alloxan damage. The presented antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects included improved body and kidney weight, glucose regulation, serum biomarkers, and enzymatic antioxidants. Treatment normalized gene expression related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Furthermore, the renal histopathological studies validated the biochemical outcomes. Key words: Diabetes, kidney, Jasminum humile, alloxan, nephroprotective effect.