An Investigation on Buprofezin Inhalation Toxicity and its Effects on Male Albino Mice

Abstract

Buprofezin is a blocker of chitin synthesis belonging to the thiadiazine class that is effective at targeting insects during their molting process. Buprofezin is sprayed that is stable under acidic, and alkaline conditions and it is also thermostable and photostable, and its residues were insistent. Analyzing the potential toxicity of buprofezin, particularly its effects on the lungs, liver, and kidneys this experiment was performed. Mice were exposed to buprofezin mist using a nebulizer in a whole-body exposure. Group-I control was given distilled water mist whereas treated groups II, III, and IV were given 37mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, and 500 mg/ml doses of buprofezin respectively, for 60 min over 21 days. Statistics were applied to comparisons at a p- 0.05. Oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay (TBARS) were also increased while tissue total protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) and non-enzymatic reduced glutathione (GSH) were decreased in lungs, liver, and kidney tissues. The results of histopathological examination of the lungs, liver, and kidney tissues indicate notable morphological deviations in the treated groups. Specifically, the lungs exhibited a decrease in the tunica media of pulmonary vessels, as well as hemorrhage and endothelial cell hypertrophy. In addition, bronchioles showed signs of catarrhal inflammation, and a decrease in the spaces of alveolar sacs and alveoli, along with the presence of inflammatory lesions. Regarding the liver, hepatic vacuolation, congestion, and vascular degeneration in blood vessels were observed, along with coagulative necrosis. Lastly, in the kidneys, there was evidence of vascular congestion, shrinkage of the glomerulus, an increase in the space of Bowman's capsule, and cellular infiltration. These results demonstrate the detrimental effects of exposure to buprofezin on the morphological integrity of the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Additionally, further research is still required to investigate other aspects like behavior and neurotoxicity.