Effect of Nutritional Education on the knowledge of Diabetic patients using the Health Belief Model in Rawalpindi city: Quasi Experimental Study

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is the most prevalent disease worldwide, resulted from metabolic disorders. In the past two decades, Pakistan suffered from several public health issues among them one of the most concern issue is increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of Health Belief Model on nutrition education in diabetic patients in Rawalpindi city. To assess the awareness about effects of diet in control of diabetes mellitus Methodology: In this study quasi-experimental design used for collecting data from type 2 diabetic patients who visited the OPD above 30 years, from tertiary hospital of Rawalpindi city. The study duration is six month. Data was collected from 53 diabetic patients using non probability purposive sampling. The intervention was consisted of one educational sessions each one 20 minutes. Data were collected by validated and reliable (DRNK-Q 46 questions). After the intervention the data were analyzed through SPSS version 21 with results being significant at P>0.05, Paired t-Test was used to assess nutritional knowledge and Health belief model components. Results: Out of the total, 28+52.8% (N=53) were females and rest are males majority of respondents are of less than 51-64+ 34.0 years of age. Result of paired sample t-test nutritional knowledge of diabetic patient before and after intervention 10.83+32.91 and behaviors changes by using Health belief model result before and after intervention 8.65+ 12.73 Conclusion: Our results suggest that educating patients with diabetes based on HBM promotes the nutritional knowledge, improvement in self-care and change dietary habits of diabetic patients. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Nutritional Knowledge, Health Belief Model, Nutritional Education, Hyperglycemia, and Self-Care.