Numerical Analysis for MHD Mixed Convective Peristaltic Flow of Sisko Nanomaterial

Abstract

Recent technologies in engineering and biological sciences involve use of the nanofluids instead of traditional fluids like water, oil and glycol. It is due to the better thermo physical characteristics of nanofluids. Nano-fluids are actually a new class of matrials that are formed by the mixing a small fraction of nanometer sized particles in ordinary fluids. Suspension of such particles remarkably enhance thermo physical characteristics of the fluid that are extremely useful in biological and industrial fields. Some initial work on nanoparticles was given by Masuda [1] and Choi [2]. Commonly employed nanoparticles are metals (Cu, Au, Ag), metallic oxides (Al2O3, CuO, ZnO, TiO2) or nitride/carbide ceramics e.g. AiN and SiC. Also, single/multi walled carbon nanotubes [3, 4] work efficiently as nanoparticles. Nanofluids can easily synthesized according to the need and hence are extensively used in biomedical engineering, detection of radiation, solar cells, drug delivery and energy storage devices. In literature, nanofluids, their importance, characteristics, and applications in various fluid dynamic models have been well studied and elaborated [5, 9]. One of the most effective model explaining convective transport of nanofluid is Buongiorno models [10] which has also effectively emphasized the thermophoresis and Brownian motion characteristics. Model by Tiwari and Das elaborates characteristics of such fluids by keeping specific values of thermal conductivity, specific heat, viscosity and thermal conductivity [11]. Analysis of nanofluids have gained special attention when applied to biofluids passing through small vessels. In biomedical and bio-engineering, biofluids have incredible applications and importance. In addition to the nanoparticles, an applied magnetic field produces great results to interpret fluid flow in the vessels. The motion generated through contraction and relaxation of the wall channel is a most common way of fluid flow in human body e.g. circulation of blood, movement of food, passage of urine are all examples of peristalsis. However one also observes such type of fluid motion in industrial domain. Some of the examples include dialysis pump, finger and hose pumps, and heart-lung machine etc. Thus it is efficient to study thermophysical properties of nanofluids experiencing peristaltic flow through the channel [12, 16].Further the nanofluids with non Newtonian liquid have gained a considerable attention of researchers and scientists as one comes across number of problems where the fluid does not obey Newton’s law of viscosity. Several mathematical models have been developed describing various non-Newtonian fluids and their industrial applications like in chemical reactors, filtration devices and processes involving mixing of massive particles. Blood flow at low shearer rate (being a most common non-Newtonian fluid) in arteries was examined by Apostolids et al. [17]. Experimental analysis of greases was studied by Sisko [18]. Some other useful works on the topic are in the studies [19, 27]. This dissertation contains some basic definitions and laws. First chapter has standard material. Chapter two has detailed review for peristalsis of Sisko fluid given in study [23]. Chapter three develops peristaltic activity of non-Newtonian nanofluid in a complex walled channel with porous space and mixed convection. Velocity and thermal slip and zero mass flux conditions are imposed. The solutions are graphically analyzed and main points are concluded.