Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/29489
Full metadata record
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.author | MASAD QAYYUM | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-08-27T04:55:32Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2024-08-27T04:55:32Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2023 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/29489 | - |
dc.description.abstract | The ionosphere constitutes an ionized uppermost layer of the atmosphere, possessing significant importance in facilitating satellite and radio communications. In particular, the navigation and communication systems may suffer if the density of ionized particles in this region is disturbed. Although many factors can affect the ionosphere, our current investigation is focused on the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ). This phenomenon is caused by a concentrated flow of intense electric current down the dip-equator’s day-side in the so-called E region of the ionosphere. The configuration of the Earth’s magnetic f ield, which includes horizontally oriented field lines throughout certain latitudes, is the primary factor for the increase in such current density. This occurrence results in a considerably elevated level of electrical conductivity within a specific segment of the ionospheric E layer, spanning roughly 600 km across a latitudinal extent. Because of this, even weak electric fields in the vicinity can cause considerable currents to flow inside this particular location. Here in this study, we first present the historical findings that werecrucial in identifying the EEJ, following that we provide a brief overview of the distinctive features displayed by the said index. This involves its seasonal fluctuations, daily variations, and its connection with the Solar Sunspot Number (SSN). For our analysis, we employ the off-equatorial subtraction method for effectively iso lating the unique magnetic signal– associated with EEJ– from other variations at the respective geomagnetic observatories. By utilizing data from both equatorial and off-equatorial observatories, the EEJ is accurately evaluated. For that, we only use information from quiet days and eliminate the other data by writing our MATLAB pro gram/scripts. The data sets were used from the INTERMAGNET database, where ob servatories are encouraged to produce data with resolutions as low as one minute or even one second, recording variations in the magnetic field over brief time intervals. For our investigations, we implemented a dataset that included the years 2018 through 2022. We started by extracting EEJ signals from this dataset. Then, we carried out an extensive analysis to identify multiple features related to the EEJ signals. These i features include the asymmetry between winter and summer behavior, as well as the diurnal and seasonal variations of the EEJ. In the study of daily fluctuations, we observe apattern wheretheintensity of the EEJstartsfromzerointheearlymorning, gradually gains strength, and reaches its highest value between 11 to 13 LT. Following this, it gradually weakens, with its lowest point occurring during late night hours. Also, we f ind out that EEJ density is maximum during the December and June solstice seasons, showing annual asymmetry. To uncover potential connections and inter-dependencies, we also delved into the correlation between the EEJ and SSN. Our findings indicate that EEJ shows a direct dependency on the SSN index, i.e. the former increases with the later. This thorough analysis can provide a better understanding by shedding light on the complex dynamics of the EEJ phenomena during this particular period | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | Quaid I Azam University Islamabad | en_US |
dc.subject | Physics | en_US |
dc.title | Onthe Variability of Equatorial Electrojet During Geomagnetic Quiet Conditions | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
Appears in Collections: | M.Phil |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
---|---|---|---|---|
PHY 1596.pdf | PHY 1596 | 1.11 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.