New puzzle in muon g-2 anomaly and it’s possible solution

Abstract

Recently, the measurement of the muon g − 2 at Fermilab has reconfirmed an earlier result by Brookhaven and revealed a perplexing discrepancy between the prediction of the Standard Model (SM) and the experimental results. The main factor contributing to the discrepancy is the hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP), and resolving this difference is crucial. However, the low-energy data from the cross-section of e+e− −→ hadrons, which is used to calculate HVP, is in conflict with a recent result from the BMW collaboration using lattice QCD. This conflict is referred to as the "new muon g−2 puzzle." In this thesis, the suggestion is made that new physics (NP) could impact the cross-section of the process e+e− −→ hadrons as a possible resolution to the new muon g−2 puzzle. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that this proposed solution is ruled out by several experimental limitations.