GLUTEN COMPOSITES WITH FUNCTIONALLY MODIFIED CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS

Abstract

Cellulose, a ubiquitous and sustainable natural resource, exhibits significant promise as a substitute for synthetic and petroleum-based materials due to its abundant supply, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Cellulose Nanofibers (CNFs), derived from sources such as sugarcane bagasse and Eucalyptus bark through mechano-chemical processes, offer impressive strength-to-weight ratios and eco-friendly attributes. This thesis aims to enhance CNFs' compatibility with the biopolymer, wheat gluten (WG), for the development of high strength bioplastics. A microwave-assisted esterification process with para-amino benzoic acid (PABA) improved CNFs' dispersibility, solubility, surface properties, mechanical strength, and thermal stability. Evaluation through various tests, including Zeta-Analysis, FTIR, and UV Visible spectroscopy, confirmed the success of CNFs production and modification. The integration of CNFs and modified CNFs (mCNFs) as fillers into WG polymer films is poised to enhance mechanical properties, contributing to their structural integrity. Introduction of a thermally stable ionic liquid into CNF-infused WG films may further improve thermal stability. Characterization of the films encompassed solubility testing, FTIR analysis, and antimicrobial assays; revealing significant potential for sustainable biocomposite materials with versatile applications in industry