Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/29696
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dc.contributor.authorTAHIRA NADIR-
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-03T05:35:56Z-
dc.date.available2024-09-03T05:35:56Z-
dc.date.issued2023-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/29696-
dc.description.abstractGroundwater contamination has become an issue of concern worldwide. A huge amount of population is living in cities and urbanized areas and are highly vulnerable to toxic contaminants. One major cause of groundwater contamination is land use and land cover changes. This has a considerable impact on the groundwater quality and ultimately on the human health. Lahore, a highly urbanized city of Pakistan, relies heavily on groundwater for drinking purpose which is polluted with harmful contaminants. This study examines the spatial and temporal variations in the groundwater Fluoride and Arsenic concentration in Lahore city for the years 2006, 2011, 2016 and 2021. The relationship between variation in groundwater Fluoride and Arsenic concentration and land use and land cover changes is also determined. The associated health risk is also assessed using carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment. The results for spatial changes showed a remarkable increase in the built up class from 11.5% in 1995 to 28.6% in 2021 with a net change of +17.1%. While vegetation class decreased from 81.3% in 1995 to 54.4% in 2021 with a net change of -26.95%. Arsenic concentration showed a distinct increasing pattern in the built-up class being 118.3µg/l in 2006 to 145.223µg/l in 2021 followed by barren land which increased from 106.66 in 2006 to 141.70 in 2021. While Fluoride showed less distinct pattern but was observed to be increasing with the passage of time. This consequently increased the health risk in the residents with Fluoride non carcinogenic risk increasing from 3.01 in 2006 to 4.51 in 2021 while carcinogenic risk for Arsenic increased from 0.0041 in 2006 to 0.0067 in 2021. This study gives an insight into the association between land use and land cover changes and ground water quality and also provides suggestions for the policy makers to design reasonable land use and land cover strategies to avoid groundwater contamination and hence protect the health of the residents.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherQuaid I Azam University Islamabaden_US
dc.subjectEnvironmental Sciencesen_US
dc.titleEffect of land use and land cover change on groundwater Fluoride and Arsenic concentration and associated health risksen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
Appears in Collections:M.Phil

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