Enrichment of Anode Respiring Bacteria from Textile Effluent Contaminated Soil by Microbial Fuel Cell

Abstract

In our increasingly polluted world, it is necessary to develop sustainable avenues for both energy generation and waste degradation has grown more urgent than ever. This thesis delves into the enrichment of Anode Respiring Bacteria (ARB) derived from soil contaminated with textile effluent (like dyes and other, employing the innovative platform of a Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). By harnessing the inherent capability of microorganisms to respire on anode surfaces, this study seeks to address the dual challenge of energy scarcity and environmental contamination. The motivation behind this work lies in the pressing need to explore alternative energy sources that not only generate power but also actively participate in the breakdown of pollutants, thereby offering a synergistic approach to mitigating environmental impact. A pivotal aspect of this investigation revolves around the employment of an H-shaped dual chamber MFC for two-stage enrichment, which exhibited remarkable voltage outputs. The dual chamber setup facilitated controlled microbial interactions, resulting in heightened electrochemical activity. This was validated through comprehensive voltammograms, which provided evidence of pronounced redox activity. To confirm the engagement of ARB in the electrochemical processes, enrichment cultures were subjected to cyclic voltammetry using a potentiostat. The subsequent analysis substantiated their involvement in facilitating electron transfer. Furthermore, a multifaceted analytical approach was undertaken to unravel the complete impact of ARB enrichment. Through Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, evidence emerged of substantial carbon-based substrate consumption and biodegradation, leading to the formation of diverse byproducts. Complementary biochemical tests not only offered insights into the distinctive cellular characteristics and morphology of the enriched ARB but also hinted at potential species identification. As we chart a course towards future outcomes, the findings of this study shed light on a promising avenue for sustainable energy generation intertwined with environmental remediation. The demonstrated potential of ARB enrichment within MFCs underscores the viability of coupling energy production with pollution control. Expanding this research could yield enhanced MFC configurations and broader applications, ranging from waste treatment to novel biotechnological solutions. By synergistically addressing energy and pollution challenges, this study underscores the potential of microbiological innovations to shape a more sustainable future.