Gender based disparities in Quality of life among Stroke patients in Rawalpindi, Pakistan: A cross Sectional study

Abstract

Background: Stroke stands as a formidable global health issue, ranking among the leading causes of mortality and disability across the world. Objectives: This cross-sectional study, conducted at Benazir Bhutto Hospital on Murree Road in Rawalpindi, sought to investigate the association between gender and the quality of life experienced by stroke patients. The primary aim was to comprehensively evaluate the physical, psychological, and social well-being of stroke survivors, with a focus on the influence of gender. Methodology: A non-probability consecutive sampling approach was employed, enrolling a total of 68 stroke patients as study participants. Data collection was carried out through the use of a meticulously adapted questionnaire designed to capture essential information regarding participants' quality of life and demographic characteristics. Subsequently, the collected data underwent rigorous analysis using SPSS software version 26.0, with the chi- square test of independence being applied to identify any significant associations between gender and stroke patients' quality of life. Results: The study yielded compelling insights into the impact of various demographic factors on the quality of life of stroke patients. Specifically, age, gender, and socioeconomic class were identified as influential determinants that significantly affected the well-being of these individuals.  Gender Disparity: A notable gender disparity emerged from the findings, with female stroke survivors reporting a significantly lower quality of life compared to their male counterparts. This discrepancy in quality of life could be attributed to factors such as differential access to healthcare services, variations in social support 6 systems, and differences in post-stroke rehabilitation management. The study suggests that female stroke patients may face unique challenges and barriers that contribute to their overall diminished quality of life in comparison to males.  Age as a Determinant: The age of stroke patients was another crucial factor influencing their quality of life. The study demonstrated that older stroke survivors tended to experience a reduced quality of life, which could be attributed to factors such as diminished physical functioning, increased comorbidities, and limited social engagement. These findings underscore the importance of tailored interventions and support for older stroke patients to enhance their quality of life and overall well-being.  Socioeconomic Status: The socioeconomic status of stroke patients also played a pivotal role in determining their quality of life. Patients from lower socioeconomic backgrounds encountered additional challenges in terms of accessing healthcare services, affording necessary medications, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Addressing these socioeconomic disparities is essential through targeted policies and interventions to ensure that all stroke patients, regardless of their economic status, have the opportunity to experience an improved quality of life. Conclusion: In summary, this structured abstract highlights the intricate interplay between gender and the quality of life in stroke patients. It underscores the necessity for gender- sensitive approaches to stroke care and rehabilitation to address the specific challenges faced by female stroke survivors. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significant impact of age and socioeconomic class on the quality of life of stroke patients, underscoring the importance of tailored interventions and equitable access to healthcare services. Given the 7 ongoing global significance of stroke as a major health concern, understanding and addressing these factors are imperative for enhancing the well-being of stroke survivors in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and beyond. Keywords: stroke, gender, quality of life, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, socioeconomic class, age, healthcare, rehabilitation, well-being, health disparities.