Awareness Levels and Autonomy regarding Family Planning Services Among Women in Waziristan, Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Waziristan, Pakistan, has historically struggled with access to comprehensive family planning services, leading to gaps in women’s reproductive health awareness and autonomy. Cultural norms, limited education, and socioeconomic disparities further complicate these issues. Objectives: This study aims to assess women’s awareness of family planning methods in Waziristan, evaluate their autonomy in using these services, and explore cultural barriers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2023 to February 2024, surveying 357 married women aged 15-40 at DHQ Hospitals in North and South Waziristan. Data was collected via an Urdu questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Most participants were 15-24 years old (54.34%), from lower socioeconomic classes (58.26%), and had middle school education (53.78%). Most were housewives (89.92%), with healthcare staff (21.85%) being the primary source of family planning information. While most preferred family planning (54.90%), only a few had used it before (14.57%). Participants reported positive healthcare provider experiences, with most feeling that providers respected their choices (60.78%) and explained family planning options well (50.14%). A lower mean FP-ADM score was observed in those who were satisfied with their present approach (p < 0.001). Patient satisfaction with healthcare professionals was linked to a lower mean FP-ADM score (p < 0.001). FP- ADM scores were not associated with utilizing the preferred method (p = 0.33) or intending to use it till pregnancy (p = 0.632). Conclusion: The study underscores the need to enhance awareness and autonomy in family planning services among Waziristan women. Tailoring public health interventions to Waziristan’s unique socio-cultural context is crucial for their effectiveness and sustainability. Keywords: Awareness, Autonomy, contraceptives, Family Planning Services, women