Nephroprotective Effects of Magnolol against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in In Vivo Model

Abstract

Nephrotoxicity refers to the harmful effects that certain substances or drugs can have on the kidneys, causing damage to renal tissue and impairing the organ's ability to filter and eliminate waste products. This can result in acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease, which are major contributors to kidney damage and failure. Magnolol, a natural compound found in the bark and cones of the Magnolia tree, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties by blocking the production of pro inflammatory molecules. It also exhibits potent antioxidant effects, which can help protect cells from oxidative damage caused by free radicals. Studies have shown that magnolol induces programmed cell death in cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in animal models. Additionally, magnolol has anxiolytic properties, acting on the brain's GABAergic system to reduce anxiety. It also possesses antimicrobial activity, particularly against gram-positive bacteria, making it a potential candidate for new antibiotics. Magnolol has shown cardiovascular protective effects by lowering blood pressure, improving blood flow, and preventing blood clot formation. Overall, magnolol shows promise as a natural compound with potential therapeutic applications in various health conditions, although fUliher research is required to establish its safety and efficacy in humans. The current study aimed to investigate the pharmacological effects of Magnolol in a model of cisplatin-induced neplu·otoxicity. Kidney function biomarkers such as serum creatinine, BUN, urea, and uric acid were measured to assess the impact of Magnolol on kidney function. Magnolol administration resulted in a satisfactory decrease in the levels of these biomarkers. Hematological data revealed a significant increase in various blood cell counts, indicating the induction of toxicity, which were subsequently normalized within the normal range by Magnolol treatment. The kidney, as a major organ of the excretory system, plays a crucial role in maintaining serum electrolyte balance. The study evaluated the pharmacological effect of Magnolol on antioxidant indices in renal tissues by measuring lipid peroxidation, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and erythropoietin. Magnolol exhibited significant protective effects against cisplatin induced disruptions in the antioxidant system. Spontaneous pain was significantly reduced, and the structural integrity of kidney tissue cells, as assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, was restored by Magnolol